Write the relation for the speed of electromagnetic waves in terms of the amplitudes of electric and magnetic.
Answer
651.3k+ views
Hint Use the electric field and magnetic field formula after that use the Maxwell’s equation and after that partially differentiate the electric field and magnetic field equation.
Complete step-by-step solution:In electromagnetic waves ,the ratio of amplitudes of the magnetic field and the electric field is equal to the velocity of the electromagnetic waves in free space.
Let the electric field and magnetic field be constrained to the y and z directions, respectively and they both are functions of only x and t.
Electric field $E={{E}_{m}}\cos \left( kx-\omega t \right)$
Magnetic field $B={{B}_{m}}\cos \left( kx-\omega t \right)$
Where $E=$ electric field, $B=$ magnetic field, ${{E}_{m}}=$ amplitude of electric field, ${{B}_{m}}=$ amplitude of magnetic field, $k=$ wave number and $\omega =$ frequency
Now we use Maxwell’s equation
$\nabla \times E=-\dfrac{\partial B}{\partial t}$
The curl of the electric field is $\dfrac{\partial E}{\partial x}\hat{k}$
So $\dfrac{\partial E}{\partial x}=-\dfrac{\partial B}{\partial t}$
Now partially differentiating the electric field and magnetic field equations above.
$\Rightarrow k{{E}_{m}}\sin \left( kx-\omega t \right)=-\left( -{{B}_{m}}\omega \sin \left( kx-\omega t \right) \right)$
$\Rightarrow \dfrac{\omega }{k}=\dfrac{{{E}_{m}}}{{{B}_{m}}}$
And $c=\dfrac{\omega }{k}$
So $c=\dfrac{{{E}_{m}}}{{{B}_{m}}}$
Where $c$ is phase speed of electromagnetic waves.
Note:Student remember that electric field and magnetic field Maxwell’s relation used there and also remember the curl of electric field .Do not forget to do partial differentiation of electric field and magnetic field .
Complete step-by-step solution:In electromagnetic waves ,the ratio of amplitudes of the magnetic field and the electric field is equal to the velocity of the electromagnetic waves in free space.
Let the electric field and magnetic field be constrained to the y and z directions, respectively and they both are functions of only x and t.
Electric field $E={{E}_{m}}\cos \left( kx-\omega t \right)$
Magnetic field $B={{B}_{m}}\cos \left( kx-\omega t \right)$
Where $E=$ electric field, $B=$ magnetic field, ${{E}_{m}}=$ amplitude of electric field, ${{B}_{m}}=$ amplitude of magnetic field, $k=$ wave number and $\omega =$ frequency
Now we use Maxwell’s equation
$\nabla \times E=-\dfrac{\partial B}{\partial t}$
The curl of the electric field is $\dfrac{\partial E}{\partial x}\hat{k}$
So $\dfrac{\partial E}{\partial x}=-\dfrac{\partial B}{\partial t}$
Now partially differentiating the electric field and magnetic field equations above.
$\Rightarrow k{{E}_{m}}\sin \left( kx-\omega t \right)=-\left( -{{B}_{m}}\omega \sin \left( kx-\omega t \right) \right)$
$\Rightarrow \dfrac{\omega }{k}=\dfrac{{{E}_{m}}}{{{B}_{m}}}$
And $c=\dfrac{\omega }{k}$
So $c=\dfrac{{{E}_{m}}}{{{B}_{m}}}$
Where $c$ is phase speed of electromagnetic waves.
Note:Student remember that electric field and magnetic field Maxwell’s relation used there and also remember the curl of electric field .Do not forget to do partial differentiation of electric field and magnetic field .
Recently Updated Pages
Which of the following graphs shows the variation of class 12 physics CBSE

Draw a labelled diagram of the human male reproductive class 12 biology CBSE

Describe the experiment to compare the emf of two cells class 12 physics CBSE

What is standard hydrogen electrode

What is conventional current and electric current class 12 physics CBSE

2Bromopentane is treated with an alcoholic KOH solution class 12 chemistry CBSE

Trending doubts
A member of Simon commission later became Prime Minister class 12 social science CBSE

Give one example of a reptile that is viviparous class 12 biology CBSE

Suicide bags of cells are aEndoplasmic reticulum bLysosome class 12 biology CBSE

What is the Full Form of 1.DPT 2.DDT 3.BCG

State the principle of an ac generator and explain class 12 physics CBSE

Why is the cell called the structural and functional class 12 biology CBSE

