Write the main difference between acid and a base. With the help of suitable examples, explain the terms neutralization and the formation of
i.Acidic
ii.Basic
iii.Neutral salts

Hint:Bases can be thought of as a chemical opposite of acids. An acid is a substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution when dissolved in water. These ${H^ + }$ ions form the hydronium ion $\,{H_3}{O^ + }$ when they combine with water molecules.

Complete step by step answer:



A neutralization reaction is when an acid and a base react to form water and salt and it involves a combination of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions to generate water. The neutralization of a strong acid and a strong base has a pH equal to $7$.
i.Acidic salts form from the neutralization of a strong acid and a weak base.
Example: $N{H_3} + HCl \to N{H_4}Cl$
Here $N{H_3}$ is a weak base and $HCl$ is a strong acid thus forming an acidic salt ammonium chloride.
ii.Basic salts form from the neutralization of a strong base and a weak acid.
Example: $NaOH + C{H_3}COOH \to C{H_3}COONa + {H_2}O$
Here $NaOH$ is a strong base and acetic acid is a weak acid thus forming a basic salt
iii.Neutralization of a strong acid and a strong base gives a neutral salt.
Example: $NaOH + HCl \to NaCl + {H_2}O$

Note:
-When a strong acid completely neutralizes a strong base, the pH of a solution is equal to $7$ .
-When a strong base completely neutralizes a weak acid, pH of a solution is greater than $7$.
-When a strong acid completely neutralizes a weak base, pH of a solution is less than $7$.