What's polarization? How is it associated with the study of astronomy?

Hint : Astronomy is that the study of everything within the universe beyond Earth's atmosphere. that has objects we will see with our naked eyes, just like the Sun, the Moon , the planets, and therefore the stars . It also includes objects we will only see with telescopes or other instruments, like faraway galaxies and tiny particles.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Polarization refers to the property of a wave to possess its field oscillating during a single plane (plane polarized wave) or during a rotating plane (elliptically or maybe circular polarized wave).
In Astronomy a use of polarization (one that I remember of) is to review the magnetic flux strength of regions of space; Pulsars' highly polarized light, passing through a magnetic flux , gets more or less elliptically polarized (Faraday Rotation). By studying the rotation induced within the polarized wave we will evaluate the magnetic flux strength.
Bees, birds, fish, bats, and other animals can sense polarized light and use it for orientation and navigation, proving that sooner or later life finds ways to bend each and each principle of physics towards survival. Astronomers are not any different.
Apart from providing information on sources of radiation and scattering, polarization also probes the interstellar magnetic flux in our galaxy also as in radio galaxies via Faraday rotation.

Note :
The polarization of starlight was first observed by the astronomers William Hitlner and John S. Hall in 1949. Subsequently, Jesse Greenstein and Leveret Davis, Jr. developed theories allowing the utilization of polarization data to trace interstellar magnetic fields.