Thermometer that can measure rapidly changing temperature is:
(A) Mercury-in- glass thermometer
(B) Alcohol-in- glass thermometer
(C) Platinum resistance thermometer
(D) Thermocouple thermometer

Hint: Thermometer, instrument for measuring the temperature of a system. Temperature measurement is important to a wide range of activities, including manufacturing, scientific research, and medical practice.

Complete step by step answer:
 In a mercury thermometer, a glass tube is filled with mercury and a standard temperature scale is marked on the tube. With changes in temperature, the mercury expands and contracts, and the temperature can be read from the scale. Mercury thermometers can be used to determine body, liquid, and vapor temperature.
An alcohol thermometer is a small sealed tube made of glass that has a small hollow bulb on one end and a thin capillary opening running through the length of its center. The bulb and connected capillary chamber are filled partly with ethanol and partly with nitrogen and ethanol vapors.
The platinum resistance thermometer is a versatile instrument for temperature measurement in the range from — 200° to 1000°C. It is used both for precision measurements of the highest accuracy and for routine industrial work.
Thermometer that can measure rapidly changing temperature is a thermocouple thermometer.

Advantages of a thermocouple thermometer:
(a) Easy to read by using a pointer or a digital display.
(b) Wide range of temperature −\[{{200}^{o}}C-{{1600}^{o}}C\]
(c) It has a small thermal capacity and is used to measure rapidly changing temperatures.
So, the correct answer is “Option D”.

Note: The platinum resistance thermometer in which the principle of measurement is the variation in the resistance of a platinum wire as a function of temperature is generally accepted as the most accurate temperature measuring instrument available.