The functional groups that are responsible for the ion-exchange property of cation and anion exchange resins, respectively, are
A. \[ - S{O_3}H\] and\[-COOH\]
B. \[ - S{O_3}H\] and \[-N{H_2}\]
C. \[-N{H_2}\] and \[ - S{O_3}H\]
D. \[-N{H_2}\] and \[-COOH\]

Hint: An ion-exchange resin is defined as a polymer that works as a channel for the exchange of ions. These resins are used for treating hard water by helping in removing the hardness of the water.

Complete Step by Step Solution:
Ion-exchange resins are typically made up of tiny microbeads.
These beads are permeable, giving a huge surface area outside and inside them.
These spaces trap the ions with the simultaneous discharge of other ions. This process is called ion exchange.
This method is used in removing the hardness of the water.
Ion-exchange ions are of two types-
I) Anion exchange ions
II) Cation exchange ions

I) Anion exchange ions attract the negatively charged ions towards themselves.
These consist of bases and can be highly or weakly basic.
It includes a huge Hydrocarbon chain bound to basic groups of substituted amino groups.
If a quaternary amino group is attached to a Hydrocarbon chain they form highly basic anion resins.
For example, \[N{(C{H_3})_3}^ + \] is a quaternary amino group.
If a primary, secondary, or tertiary amino group is attached to the Hydrocarbon chain, then it is weakly basic.
For example, -the \[-N{H_2}\]group

II) Cation exchange resins attract positively charged ions towards themselves.
It contains a huge Hydrocarbon chain bound to acidic groups.
Strongly acidic cation exchange resins generally consist of Sulfonic acid groups \[( - S{O_3}H)\].
Weakly acidic resins consist of carboxylic acid groups (\[-COOH\]).

Out of the given options, cation exchange resins consist of the \[ - S{O_3}H\]functional group and anion exchange resins consist of the \[-N{H_2}\]functional group.

So, option B is correct.

Note: The cation exchange resins are acidic in nature and consist of sulfonic acid groups and carboxylic acid groups. The anion exchange resins are basic in nature and consist of substituted amino groups.