Select the true statement:
(A) Boiling point order: $RF > RCl > RBr > RI$
(B) Haloalkanes are highly soluble in water
(C) Melting point order: p-dichlorobenzene > o-dichlorobenzene
(D) Density order: $RCl > RBr > RI$
Answer
645.3k+ views
Hint: Haloalkanes are the class of compounds composed of alkane and halogen atoms. The haloalkanes are heavier than the corresponding alkanes and are dipolar in nature.
Complete step by step answer:
The properties of haloalkanes clearly indicate the truth or false of the given statements. Let us evaluate the statements one by one.
(A) Boiling point order: $RF > RCl > RBr > RI$.
The electronegativity difference between halogen and carbon atoms results in the polarization of carbon halogen bonds. Down the group from fluorine to iodine the molecular size and its mass increases as well as the bond polarity which results in strong intermolecular forces of attraction. Hence the boiling point increases down the group. Thus the boiling point order is $RF < RCl < RBr < RI$ and the statement is false.
(B) Haloalkanes are highly soluble in water.
Haloalkanes are slightly soluble in water. The bond between halogen and carbon is covalent in nature. Water is polar solvent so it can dissolve the compounds which can ionize completely in water or compounds which can form hydrogen bonds with water. Haloalkanes neither ionize completely in water nor do they form hydrogen bonds. Hence the statement is false that haloalkanes are highly soluble in water.
(C) Melting point order: p-dichlorobenzene > o-dichloro benzene
The compound having a high melting point has high lattice energy. The high lattice energy is the result of strong intermolecular forces between the bonded molecules. The strong molecular force is due to the compact bonding of present in para isomers than ortho and meta isomer. The para isomer has more symmetrical structure than ortho and meta isomers. Hence, more energy is required to break the crystal lattice of para isomers. Thus, p-dichlorobenzene has a higher melting point than o-dichlorobenzene.
(D) Density order: $RCl > RBr > RI$
Density of a compound is directly proportional to the mass of the compound. Down the group, density increases as mass increases from fluoro to iodo. Hence fluoro derivatives are less dense than chloro derivatives, chloro derivatives are less dense than bromo derivatives and bromo derivatives are less dense than iodo derivatives. Thus the density order of $RCl > RBr > RI$.
Note:
The boiling point of haloalkanes decreases with branching. The haloalkanes are only very slightly soluble in water, but dissolves readily in organic solvents.
Complete step by step answer:
The properties of haloalkanes clearly indicate the truth or false of the given statements. Let us evaluate the statements one by one.
(A) Boiling point order: $RF > RCl > RBr > RI$.
The electronegativity difference between halogen and carbon atoms results in the polarization of carbon halogen bonds. Down the group from fluorine to iodine the molecular size and its mass increases as well as the bond polarity which results in strong intermolecular forces of attraction. Hence the boiling point increases down the group. Thus the boiling point order is $RF < RCl < RBr < RI$ and the statement is false.
(B) Haloalkanes are highly soluble in water.
Haloalkanes are slightly soluble in water. The bond between halogen and carbon is covalent in nature. Water is polar solvent so it can dissolve the compounds which can ionize completely in water or compounds which can form hydrogen bonds with water. Haloalkanes neither ionize completely in water nor do they form hydrogen bonds. Hence the statement is false that haloalkanes are highly soluble in water.
(C) Melting point order: p-dichlorobenzene > o-dichloro benzene
The compound having a high melting point has high lattice energy. The high lattice energy is the result of strong intermolecular forces between the bonded molecules. The strong molecular force is due to the compact bonding of present in para isomers than ortho and meta isomer. The para isomer has more symmetrical structure than ortho and meta isomers. Hence, more energy is required to break the crystal lattice of para isomers. Thus, p-dichlorobenzene has a higher melting point than o-dichlorobenzene.
(D) Density order: $RCl > RBr > RI$
Density of a compound is directly proportional to the mass of the compound. Down the group, density increases as mass increases from fluoro to iodo. Hence fluoro derivatives are less dense than chloro derivatives, chloro derivatives are less dense than bromo derivatives and bromo derivatives are less dense than iodo derivatives. Thus the density order of $RCl > RBr > RI$.
Note:
The boiling point of haloalkanes decreases with branching. The haloalkanes are only very slightly soluble in water, but dissolves readily in organic solvents.
Recently Updated Pages
Write structures of the following compounds i 2 Chloro3methylpentane class 11 chemistry CBSE

What is BLO What is the full form of BLO class 8 social science CBSE

Explain the Treaty of Vienna of 1815 class 10 social science CBSE

A Paragraph on Pollution in about 100-150 Words

XIX+XXX A 49 B 51 C 55 D 44 class 5 maths CBSE

If x a + bt + ct2 where x is in meters and t is in class 11 physics CBSE

Trending doubts
One Metric ton is equal to kg A 10000 B 1000 C 100 class 11 physics CBSE

Find the value of the expression given below sin 30circ class 11 maths CBSE

What do you mean by retardation What is its SI uni class 11 physics CBSE

Draw a diagram of nephron and explain its structur class 11 biology CBSE

10 examples of friction in our daily life

Difference between physical and chemical change class 11 chemistry CBSE

