Mention two differences between Alluvial and Red soil.
Answer
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Hint: Alluvial soil is a soil that is deposited by surface water, they are found near rivers and surface water bodies. Red soil is a type of soil that is found in a warm and temperate moist climate, it is generally derived from crystalline rocks.
Complete answer:
Note: Red soils are generally formed from iron-rich sedimentary rock. It is not very fertile and as a result not the most suitable for agriculture. It is low in nutrients needed for cultivation and also has a low humus content. The exact opposite is the Alluvial soil which is very rich in nutrients and is dominantly found in the Indus-Ganga-Brahmaputra plain and Narmada-Tapi plains.
Complete answer:
| Characteristics of Alluvial Soil | Characteristics of Red Soil |
| 1. It is the most widely available soil in India and covers an area of about 43%. It is majorly found in the northern plains and river valleys, peninsular-India and near deltas and estuaries. | 1. It covers an area of about 10.6% and is found in the states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra. |
| 2. Humus, lime and organic matter are found in alluvial soil. It is extremely rich in Potash and the crops associated with it are Wheat, rice, maize, sugarcane, pulses, oilseed. | 2. The red soil is deficient in important nutrients like lime, phosphate, nitrogen, hummus and potash. |
| 3. It is a depositional soil which means it is transported and deposited by rivers. | 3. It is formed by weathering of crystalline rocks. |
| 4. New alluvial soil is termed as Khadar and old alluvium is termed as Bhangar, the soil is mostly loamy and clayey. | 4. It doesn’t have any kankars or small stones present in it like other soils. The lower layer is reddish yellow or yellow and the texture of the soil is sandy. |
| 5. Colour of the soil is Light Grey or Ash Grey and the crops associated with it are Wheat, rice, maize, sugarcane, pulses, oilseed. | 5. The colour of this soil is red because of Ferric oxide and the crops associated with it are Wheat, cotton, pulses, tobacco, oilseeds, potato. |
Note: Red soils are generally formed from iron-rich sedimentary rock. It is not very fertile and as a result not the most suitable for agriculture. It is low in nutrients needed for cultivation and also has a low humus content. The exact opposite is the Alluvial soil which is very rich in nutrients and is dominantly found in the Indus-Ganga-Brahmaputra plain and Narmada-Tapi plains.
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