Explain tranquilisers?

Hint: They are a kind of drugs which are used in the required amount to treat the mental disease such as anxiety, stress, fear and tension. As they treat the mental disease so they affect the central nervous system. They are also responsible for inducing sleep.

Complete answer:
-Tranquilizers are also known as psycho-therapeutic drugs.
-They are a group of the drug which is consumed by the person to treat the mental disease and emotional distress which is usually caused by the stress, tension, anxiety and depression.
-The tranquilisers are also known as an antidepressant drug because it increases the concentration of noradrenaline due to which the mood swings can be controlled.
-For example, Iproniazid and Phenelzine are commonly used as antidepressant drugs.
-Noradrenaline is a hormone which is present in the body of the human male and responsible for controlling the emotions.
-Other examples include barbituric acid and its derivatives such as luminal, veronal is also tranquilisers.
-The derivative of barbituric acid is are hypnotic i.e. they can induce sleep when consumed by the person,
Whereas some tranquilizers are non-hypnotic, that is they do not induce sleep when consumed by a person.
-For example, Chlordiazepoxide and meprobamate are mild tranquilisers that can treat mild anxiety and tension.
-Equanil is a type of tranquilizer that can be consumed when a person suffers from depression and hypertension.

Note: Tranquilizers are the drugs which interfere with the message transfer mechanism from nerve to the receptor. One should remember that a drug can cause a side effect if it is taken in a large amount because it may bind to more than one type of receptor.