What does it mean by volatile and non-volatile components?

Hint :We know that the vapour pressure of a solution of a non-volatile solute is equal to the vapour pressure of the pure solvent at that temperature multiplied by its mole fraction. Also non-volatile substances show a low vapour pressure and along with a high boiling point.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
A non-volatile substance can be stated as a substance which does not readily evaporate into a form of a gas under current going conditions. Sublimation process can be stated as transition of a substance from the solid state to the gaseous state not by passing via the liquid state. Non-volatile compounds are unable to vaporize and thereby, cannot undergo sublimation.
A non-volatile substance known as a substance that does not easily evaporate into a form of gas under current going conditions. Non-volatile substances show a low vapour pressure and along with a high boiling point. Sugar and salt are the two examples of non-volatile solutes. And the examples of volatile substances involve alcohol, mercury, and gasoline. Sublimation is a phase transition type, or a variation in a state of matter, just similar to melting, freezing, and evaporation. By sublimation, a substance gets changed from a solid to a gas state not by passing via a liquid phase. Dry ice, solid Carbon dioxide, is a common example of this process. Iodine and ammonium chloride form fumes on applying gentle heat while sodium chloride does not undergo sublime. The solid substance that goes through a change to produce gas is called sublime.

Note :
Remember that the non-volatile substance is known as a substance that does not easily evaporate into a form of gas under current going conditions while, Sublimation process can be stated as transition of a substance from the solid state to the gaseous state not by passing via the liquid state.