What is the difference between P-site and A-site of a ribosome?
Answer
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Hint: Ribosomes are minute particles that serve to synthesise proteins composed of RNA and related proteins. Many cellular functions, such as repairing damage or directing chemical processes, need proteins.
Complete answer:
Protein synthesis takes place in ribosomes. It takes place by two processes.
i) Transcription: In transcription, the DNA changes to mRNA. The mRNA further moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
ii) Translation: It takes place in the ribosome.The mRNA attracts the tRNA which forms amino acid. A protein is a long peptide chain which is decoded by the ribosome. The ribosome has mainly two important sites at which the synthesis of peptide chains takes place.
Note: The Human codes for 20 amino acids. The AUG is called the start codon which codes for amino acid called Methionine. The UAA, UAG, UGA are called the non-sense or stop codons which stops the amino acid synthesis. They do not code for any amino acid. The E-site of the ribosome is called the Exit site which holds the deacylated tRNA.
Complete answer:
Protein synthesis takes place in ribosomes. It takes place by two processes.
i) Transcription: In transcription, the DNA changes to mRNA. The mRNA further moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
ii) Translation: It takes place in the ribosome.The mRNA attracts the tRNA which forms amino acid. A protein is a long peptide chain which is decoded by the ribosome. The ribosome has mainly two important sites at which the synthesis of peptide chains takes place.
| P-site | A-site |
| P-site or the peptidyl site is the second binding site for tRNA in the ribosome. | A-site or the aminoacyl site is the first binding site for tRNA in the ribosome. |
| Initiation of the peptide synthesis starts at the P site. | The A site accepts the incoming tRNA bound to an amino acid |
| The binding of tRNA to the P-site creates codon-anticodon interaction. | The A-site has the anticodon for the corresponding codon. |
| De-acylation of tRNA takes place in the P- site. | Acylation of tRNA takes place in the A-site. |
| P-site carries the growing peptide chain. | A-site binds to the incoming amino-acylated tRNA. |
Note: The Human codes for 20 amino acids. The AUG is called the start codon which codes for amino acid called Methionine. The UAA, UAG, UGA are called the non-sense or stop codons which stops the amino acid synthesis. They do not code for any amino acid. The E-site of the ribosome is called the Exit site which holds the deacylated tRNA.
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