What is the difference between non-uniform circular motion and uniform circular motion? Give examples.
Answer
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Hint: In physics, circular motion is defined as the movement of an object along the circumference of a circle or rotation along a circular path. The circular motion can be uniform if the angular rate of rotation and speed are constant. The motion can be non-uniform if the angular rate of rotation is varying with time. An electron moving perpendicular to the magnetic field is an example of circular motion.
Complete solution step-by-step:
Note:
If the students have clear knowledge of uniform and non -uniform motion and circular motion, then they can use that information to differentiate between uniform circular motion and non-uniform circular motion. Students must remember that the uniform circular motion is accelerated because the velocity changes due to continuous change in direction of the motion.
Complete solution step-by-step:
| Non-uniform Circular motion | Uniform Circular motion |
| Non-uniform circular motion implies the movement of an object along a circular path with variable speed. | Uniform circular motion implies the movement of an object along a circular path with constant speed. |
| Angular and tangential acceleration are non-zero. | Angular and tangential acceleration are zero. |
Linear speed and angular speed of the particle vary with time.
| Linear speed and angular velocity of the particle remains constant.
|
| Kinetic energy of the particle varies with time. | Kinetic energy of the particle remains constant. |
| The net linear acceleration of the particle is not radial. | The net linear acceleration of the particle is radially inwards. |
| The magnitude of centripetal force is not constant. | The magnitude of centripetal force is constant. |
| The magnitude of centripetal acceleration in a non-uniform circular motion is not constant. | The magnitude of centripetal acceleration in a uniform circular motion is constant. |
| Example: Motion of a body on vertical circle, vertical circle with a string and bob, roller coaster, etc. | Example: Motion of the Earth around the Sun, second, minute and hour hands of watch, motion of cyclists on a circular track etc. |
Note:
If the students have clear knowledge of uniform and non -uniform motion and circular motion, then they can use that information to differentiate between uniform circular motion and non-uniform circular motion. Students must remember that the uniform circular motion is accelerated because the velocity changes due to continuous change in direction of the motion.
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