How do covalent bonds affect physical properties?

Hint: The bond is the force of the attraction between the species that is atoms, ion, molecules which hold them together. The different types of bonds that exist between the theses species are covalent bond, ionic bond, metallic bond, hydrogen bond, coordinate bond, etc. The bonds present on the compound affect their properties because of their strength, nature of bonding.

Complete step by step answer:
- In the substances, the constituent particles are connected by specific bonds. And the strength of the chemical bond affects the chemical and physical properties of the substances.
- The covalent bond is formed by the sharing of electrons by the atoms or species which are involved in bonding.
- Stronger covalent bonds are more difficult to separate their atoms hence such substances possess greater hardness and are hard while the substance with the weak covalent bond is soft.
- The strength of the covalent bond also affects the melting and boiling point of the substance. Greater is the strength of the bond greater is the melting and boiling point of the compound while compounds containing weak covalent bonds possess low melting and boiling points.
- Generally compounds having covalent bonds possess lower melting and boiling point also that are soft compared to a compound containing ionic bonds. This is because the ionic bond is stronger than the covalent bond. In this way, the covalent bond affects the physical properties of the substances.

Note: The covalent bond is formed by the sharing of electrons between the atoms which are involved in bonding. It indicates there are two electrons needed to form a covalent bond are given by each which is involved in bonding. The two main types of properties of matter are physical and chemical properties. Physical properties include the melting point, boiling point, density, viscosity, volume, mass, etc.