Consider the following statements about pressure groups and parties.
A.Pressure groups are organised expressions of the interests and views of specific social sections.
B.Pressure groups take position on political issues.
C.All pressure groups are political parties.
Which of the following statements given above are correct?
A.A,B and C
B.A and B
C.B and C
D.A and C

Hint: In a representative democracy, there are two types of organisations. The first one is statutory/institutional organisations which are established by the laws of the State and are authorised to carry out functions of the State. Examples of this kind of organisation are the legislature, executive, judiciary and such. The second one is non-statutory organisations which are formed by people for various purposes but are not vested authority by the State. Examples of these would be political parties, interest groups, pressure groups, etc.

Complete Step by Step answer: When many people, large or small, with a common social, cultural, trade of business or other such interests organise themselves to exert pressure on the government, a pressure group is formed. They do not participate in electoral politics and neither do they have a role in the governance of the State. Their responsibility is to serve as a link between the government and the people to keep the government or the representatives informed of the wishes and demands of the people. To exert their influence, pressure groups may invest in lobbying representatives via letters, petitions, appeals, etc. They also fundraise and participate in election campaigns to further their cause and interest in the Parliament.
Option A: is incorrect because although the statements A and B are correct about pressure groups C is not. Pressure groups are not political parties and they do not contest in elections.
Option B: is correct because both the statements A and B are correct because pressure groups are organised expressions of the common interests and views of specific sections and they take a position on political issues. They also fundraise and campaign for their candidates of interest or who they believe will further their demands.
Option C: is incorrect because even though statement B is correct, statement C is not.
Option D: is incorrect because even though statement A is correct, statement C is not.

Note: Do not confuse pressure groups with interest groups. Although the terms interest group and pressure groups are used synonymously, there is a clear distinction between the two.