Choose the word(s) which can correctly replace the word(s) printed in italic bold in the sentence without changing the meaning of it.
Nowadays, pollution is rampant in all major urban centers.
a) fashionable
b) chronic
c) deep-rooted
d) excessive

Hint: Synonyms are words or phrases that mean exactly or nearly the same as another word or phrase. For example- ‘sad’ and ‘depressed’.
Two words that can be interchanged in a context are said to be synonymous relative to that context.

Complete answer:
In the given question, the word ‘rampant’ refers to unrestrained and unchecked growth. We have to find the option that is closest in meaning to ‘rampant’.
Let us analyze the options given to us in this question:
Option (a.), 'fashionable', refers to being or in accordance with current social fashions.
Therefore, option (a.) is incorrect as its meaning is not at all synonymous to that of the given word ‘rampant’.

Option (b.), ‘chronic', refers to being long-lasting and recurrent or characterized by long-suffering.
Therefore, option (b.) is incorrect as its meaning is not at all synonymous to that of the given word ‘rampant’.

Option (c.), ‘deep-rooted', refers to (used especially of ideas or principles) being deeply rooted; firmly fixed or held.
Therefore, option (c.) is incorrect as its meaning is not synonymous to that of the given word ‘rampant’.

Option (d.), ‘excessive', refers to unrestrained, beyond normal limits.
Therefore, option (d.) is correct as its meaning is synonymous to that of the given word ‘rampant’.

Note:
If you don’t know the definition of the given word and have only used it in some given context previously, then use the given word in a sentence. Substitute the given word with each word in the options and choose the word which does not conflict with the context provided by the given word.