(a) Write a short note on IUCN. Name the main categories listed.
(b) Describe the role of NGOs in conserving the environment.

Hint: It is an organization that developed a system to conserve the world's natural environment and variety. IUCN's full name is the International Union for Conservation of Nature. NGO experts can be used effectively as consultants to environmental authorities.

Complete step by step answer:
(a) The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is a world organization working within the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. It is elaborate in data collecting and studying, research, field projects, advocacy, lobbying, and education. The main categories are:
- Critically Endangered.
- Endangered
- Vulnerable
(b) NGO's playing a really important role in conserving the environment
- They begin an awareness program among people in almost all of these protected areas.
- They collect funding from people.
- They work on the ground.

Additional information: The IUCN is a global union composed of both government and civil society organizations. With quite 1400 organizations as its members, the IUCN is a world authority on the status of wildlife. - It acts in the domain of sustainable development and also proposes measures to negotiate the depletion of resources. - It functions to save the many species of flora and fauna. - When it was first set up in France, it was the primary international environmental union. Its objective was to market international cooperation and supply knowledge domain and tools to assist conservation action. - It exhibited the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 1964. - It also has a big role in the creation of major international conventions like the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species.

Note: Its members include States, non-governmental organizations, indigenous peoples’ organizations, experts, government agencies, etc. Established in 1948, the IUCN has the tools and knowledge repository to assist the planet, conserve nature, and ensure sustainable development.